Management accounting questions Free Essays

Chiefs are dynamically obliged by the natural factors, their instruction, and mental capacity. Other than these, leaders might be obliged by the lacks in the data that Is accessible to them. Required Elaborate this announcement concerning Information lack with respect to Information idealness, Information precision and lucidity, Information importance, and Information accumulation levels. We will compose a custom article test on The executives bookkeeping questions or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Refer to guides to help your focuses Jam Ltd is a maker of a compost item which is pressed in 50 barrel sacks. The accompanying report for year finished 31st December 2013 dependent on account investigation grouping is benefited to you Manufacturing costs Account Nature or Classification Amount in This 000 Direct Materials All factor 360,000 Direct Labor 200,000 Overhead costs: Electricity and water 60% variable 60,000 Managerial compensations 20% variable 1 o,oho Maintenance costs variable Depreciation 0% variable Indirect work half factor 120,000 Non fabricating costs Accounts Administration costs Marketing costs 40% variable Depreciation costs 80,000 During the year 2013, Jam Ltd created 80,000 packs. The executives is anticipating deals cost for the year 2014 dependent on 2013 cost information. The accompanying extra information is accessible for the year 2014 contrasted with the information for the year 2013 1 . Cost for direct materials are required to increment by 10% 2. Under the terms of work contract, both immediate and circuitous work rates are relied upon to increment by 0% 3. All devaluation costs are required to increment by 10% 4. Organization and showcasing costs to increment by 20% 5. Power and water, upkeep costs and administrative pay rates are not expected to change 6. Jam Ltd hopes to deliver and sell 96,000 sacks of compost in the year 2014 Required (I) Estimates cost per kilo of manure in the year 2014 if net overall revenue of 201% is focused on (it) Outline favorable circumstances and constraints of cost based valuing strategy ) For the year 2014 the accompanying anticipated organization information is made accessible to you for arranging reason 1. Assessed fabricating costs when creation level is 190,000 units is: fixed costs This 180,500,000 and per unit variable costs This 2,800. This cost conduct is kept up at all levels 2. The yearly fixed publicizing expenses of This 190,000,000 and per unit uniform showcasing expenses of This 800 at all levels 3. A market review completed shows that for an adjustment in privet Step by step instructions to refer to Management bookkeeping questions, Essays

Why The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Was Banned

Why 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' Was Banned Imprint Twain isnt who a great many people consider when the subject of prohibited books comes up yet the well known writer has figured out how to acquire a spot on the ALAs rundown of most challenged books consistently. His famous novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been challenged for some reasons. A few perusers item to the solid and at times supremacist language and think its improper for kids. In any case, most teachers think given a legitimate setting the book is an incredible perused. The historical backdrop of individuals endeavoring to edit the novel returns farther than many figure it out. A History of Huckleberry Finn and Censorship The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnâ was first distributed in 1884. Twains epic, a humorous, romping experience story, is generally viewed as one of the best American books at any point composed. It follows Huck Finn-a poor, motherless kid with a damaging dad, a keen path with words, an affection abhor relationship with cultural shows, and a solid dash of respectability as he cruises down the Mississippi River with Jim, a got away from slave. Notwithstanding the applause piled on the book, it has demonstrated a magnet for debate. In 1885, Concord Public Library restricted the book, assaulting the novel as completely improper in its tone.† One library official noticed that every through it pages there is an orderly utilization of awful language and a work of inelegant expressions.† Imprint Twain, as far as it matters for him, cherished the discussion for the exposure it would produce. As he kept in touch with Charles Webster on March 18, 1885: The Committee of the Public Library of Concord, Mass., have given us a shaking excellent puff which will go into each paper in the nation. They have ousted Huck from their library as junk and appropriate just for the ghettos. That will sell 25,000 duplicates for us sure. In 1902, the Brooklyn Public Library banned The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnâ with the explanation that Huck tingled as well as he scratched, and that he said sweat when he ought to have said sweat. Why Was It Banned? As a rule, the discussion over Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnâ has revolved around the language of the book, which has been protested on social grounds. Huck Finn, Jim and numerous different characters in the book talk in local lingos of the South. It is a long ways from the queen’s English. All the more explicitly, the utilization of the word â€Å"n*gg*r† concerning Jim and other African American characters in the book, alongâ with the depiction of those characters, has outraged a few perusers, who think about the book supremacist. Albeit numerous pundits have contended that Twain’s extreme impact is to refine Jim and assault the fierce prejudice of subjection, the book much of the time hailed and fought by understudies and guardians the same. It was the fifth most-much of the time challengedâ book in the United States during the 1990s, as indicated by the American Library Association. Respecting open weight, a few distributers have subbed slave or hireling for the term that Mark Twain utilizes in the book, which is defamatory to African Americans. In 2015, a digital book adaptation distributed by the organization CleanReader offered a rendition of the book with three diverse channel levels-clean, more clean, and immaculate an abnormal release for a writer known to appreciate swearing.

Human Rights Essay Free Essays

In the book of scriptures it says being a gay or transgender is a wrongdoing and along these lines isn’t allowed into paradise. Individuals make signs saying â€Å"GOD HATES FAGS†, â€Å"FAGS ARE WORTHY OF DEATH†, yet it additionally says in the book of scriptures god cherishes everybody, delinquent or not. Our general public has made this purposeful publicity that gay people and transsexuals are frightful individuals and ought to be disposed of. We will compose a custom exposition test on Human Rights Essay or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now This is one-sided. Presently here’s an inquiry. Have we ever stop and pondered how they feel pretty much this disdain and disengagement towards them? They didn’t wake up one day and chose to be gay or dress like the other gender they are. In the time of 1998 a significant detest wrongdoing case set in, the Matthew Shepard preliminary. Matthew Wayne Shepard, A transparently gay American understudy at the University of Wyoming, was tormented and murdered close to Laramie, Wyoming on October 1998, just 21 years of age. He was assaulted the evening of October 6-7 and kicked the bucket five days after the fact, October twelfth. Matthew carried on with an actual existence outside of the sexual standard of our general public. Because of this he was fiercely killed. This case initiated significant open response all around the globe and opened a huge number of eyes. This case rankled the gay social orders. Above all battered Matthew’s family and changed their lives until the end of time. Matthews’s venture started on December first, 1976. He was destined to Judy and Dennis Shepard in Casper, Wyoming. Matthew’s father depicted him as a hopeful and aside from youngster. Matthew could identify with nearly everybody. He was truly agreeable, or simple to converse with, consistently was up for another test, made companions effectively, and he had an incredible enthusiasm for fairness and consistently safeguarded people’s contrasts. For an incredible duration, he was continually moving schools and voyaging. All things considered his encounters energized his affection for voyaging and allowed him to mingle any place he went. Matthew had companions all around the globe who adored and thought about him. He was a decent child, didn’t trouble anybody, was in every case inviting, and ready to give some assistance. That all changed tragically while Matthew was on a secondary school trip in Morocco, he was assaulted. This made him have sorrow and fits of anxiety. At the point when he returned from the excursion his mom Judy Shepard returned him to Casper, Wyoming. Once back home he was required to take pills for his fits of anxiety. Matthew at that point returned to school, yet didn’t remain in Casper for long. While in school he met Romaine Patterson and turned out to be great companions with her. The two of them conclude they would move to an alternate school in Laramie. Matthew battled once he went to Laramie. He lived in the most hazardous piece of town, where individuals didn’t acknowledged â€Å"gays† and his downturn dominated. Matthew began to take drugs. It took him some time to uncover his way from underneath this opening he made himself yet with the assistance of Romaine and his folks he made it. Returned to class again and turned into a first year political theory major at the University of Wyoming, in Laramie. One night on October 6 of 1998 he concluded he would go to Laramie and get a beverage, on his desolate. He showed up at the fireside relax. Sitting at the bar alone, just him and his brew, yet he had an abrupt inclination to investigate at the pool tables and notification two folks taking a gander at him, rapidly he turns away staying out of other people's affairs. Again he looks at the two folks, Then goes strolling off to the restroom, as he’s leaving both folks mutter something to one another and follow Matthew. He’s washing his hands when both folks stroll in. there’s no paper towels to dry his hands in and that’s when Russell Henderson give Matthew some paper towels and says that they are both gay also. A murmur of alleviation for Matthew, They proceed to talk and Matthew inside a couple of sentences started to confide in them, and in the long run requested a ride home. At the bar Aaron and Russell intended to just ransack Shepard, yet during the preliminary Aaron Mckinney said as they we’re driving Shepard home Shepard was scouring his leg and snatching his genital regions, along these lines Matthews activities, that is the thing that as far as anyone knows made Aaron break out and beat Matthew. Mr. Mckinney says that he hit Matthew around multiple times on the head while they we’re driving not to his home however to a remote zone. At that point once showed up to this spot Russell then attached Matthew to a fence, that is when Mr. Mckinney gun whipped, punched, and kicked Matthew one to ordinarily to the rear of his head. When the activity was done, the two men left the scene. After eighteen hours Matthew still alive was found by Aaron Kreifels who confused Matthew with a scarecrow. Matthew’s face was canvassed in blood; the main clear spots all over were the tear lets going fall down his face. Matt hadn’t really been tied like a scarecrow: when he was moved toward first by the mountain biker, Aaron Kreifels, and afterward by Reggie Fluty, the sheriff’s representative who addressed Kreifels’s crisis call, Matt lay on his back, head propped against the fence, legs outstretched. His hands were lashed behind him and tied scarcely four creeps off the ground to a fencepost. He was then taking to Ivinson Memorial Hospital in Laramie, at that point to Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins. Shepard experienced a break the rear of his head to the front of his correct ear. He had serious mind stem harm, which influenced his body’s capacity to control pulse, internal heat level and other fundamental signs. There were likewise around twelve little cuts around his head, face and neck. His wounds were esteemed unreasonably serious for specialists to work. Shepard never recaptured cognizance and stayed on full life support. Matt kicked the bucket at 12:53 A. M.â on October 12, 1998, at Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins. Matthew was mercilessly killed, and was given no additional opportunity. Nobody heard his shouts, his cries; nobody was there to comfort him, he didn’t get the opportunity to see his family or bid farewell to friends and family, nobody knew where he went or where he was going, he was gone and nobody knew. Much the same as in Night by Elie Wiesel, nobody heard his cries simply like Matthew, in spite of the fact that he had his dad with him, he despite everything felt alone; gradually his spirit was starting to bite the dust, much the same as Matthew gradually passed on those most recent five days in the emergency clinic. Nobody has the right incredible being tormented, and treated as though they were nothing. The life and passing of Matthew Shepard changed the manner in which we talk about, and manage, loathe in America. Since his demise, Matt’s inheritance has tested and enlivened a great many people to delete detest in the entirety of its structures. In spite of the fact that Matt’s life was short, his story keeps on greatly affecting youthful and old the same. His heritage lives on in a huge number of individuals who effectively battle to supplant abhor with getting, empathy, and acknowledgment. Step by step instructions to refer to Human Rights Essay, Essays

Poem Review Blackberry-Picking and Blackberry Eating - 1100 Words

Poem Review: Blackberry-Picking and Blackberry Eating (Essay Sample) Content: (Name)(Instructors name)(Course)(Date)The Different Time Frames of the poems Blackberry-Picking and Blackberry EatingIn the two poems titled Blackberry Eating by Galway Kinnell and Blackberry Picking by Seamus Heaney , we are treated to different accounts of the events surrounding the blackberry season in late August and late September.The focus of this paper is to therefore offer a detailed comparison and contrast of the different time frames offered by the two poems, relying on the descriptive accounts of their poets. We can deduce from the titles of the poems that they set off to describe different activities guided by the seasonality of the blackberries, thereby emphasizing the different time frames in which they are set. Kinnell focuses on blackberry eating while Heaney focuses on blackberry picking. The opening lines of the two poems further makes this difference in time-frame more apparent, with Heaneys poem clearly asserting that I love to go out in late September[] (Line 1) and Kinnell stating that Late August, given heavy rain and sun [](Line 1).Based on these different time frames, the two poems offer a detailed account of the activities that surround these periods, given the different stages of ripening that the blackberries are in. Kinnell offers a most detailed and descriptive account of the events that occur when the first blackberries ripen.The second line of the poem states that the blackberries ripen for one whole week: For a full week, the blackberries would ripen (Line 2). The different colors of the blackberries, given their different stages of ripening are also described: At first, just one, a glossy purple clotAmong others, red, green, hard as a knot. (Line 3-4).This indicates that not all the blackberries are ripe at this time, since the ripening period is just beginning and it will take much more time before they are all of the same color. However, in Heaneys p oem, we are treated to a similarly detailed descriptive account of a different time-frame altogether of the blackberry season. First of all, Heaney states that by late September, all the blackberries are ripe, rendering them black in color and no account of green berries is given like in Kinnells case. Heaney in fact describes the blackberries as overripe by this time [] among the fat, overripe, icy, blackberries []( Line 2). Kinnell offers us the unforgettable account of the relish in eating the first blackberries which makes the period all the more worthwhile and enjoyable by stating that You ate the first one and its flesh was sweet (Line 5). Kinnell goes ahead to liken the blackberry juice to wine by asserting that Like thickened wine [] (Line 6). However, it is by stating that summers blood was in the blackberry juice that Kinnell offers us deep insight into what this period meant for them. From this assertion, we can deduce that thi s period is the highlight of the summer season, because being the summers blood most certainly there could be no life in summer without this period.From acquiring an idea of the apprehension with which this period is greeted, an understanding of the activities surrounding it is acquired. Kinnell states that by being driven by the taste of the blackberries, they venture out with milk cans, pea tins and jam-pots to go pick the fruits:Leaving stains upon the tongue and lust for picking [] (Line 7-8) Sent us out with milk cans, pea tins, jam-pots (Line 9).We are also given an account of the adventure associated with picking the blackberries where Kinnell explains that they had to trek around cornfields, hayfields and potato-drills, probably because not all the blackberries are ripe and therefore they have to look for the ripe ones:we trekked and picked until the can were full ( Line 12).They however still end up with unrip e blackberries as seen in the description of the appearance of the blackberries in their cans , thus emphasizing that the ripening season of the blackberries is just beginning:Until the tinkling bottom had been covered With green ones, and on top big dark blobs burned (Line 13-14).The necessity to store the fruits, given that they are still in early stages of ripening however leads to the lowest moment of the period when Kinnell describes the disappointment associated with the discovery of fungus in their cache of blackberries stored in the byre. The fungus leads to the fermentation of the stored berries, which cause them to stink, and this so disappoints Kinnell that he feels like crying and thinks it unfair that all their toil of picking and storing the berries should come to naught:The juice was stinking too. Once off the bushThe fruit fermented, the sweet flesh would turn sour.I always felt like crying. It wasnt f air (Line 20-22).However, in Heaneyss case there is ...

Homelessness Is An Ongoing Global Tragedy - 2992 Words

Homelessness is an ongoing global tragedy. A person could be homeless for days, weeks, months, or years. Homelessness has increased in the past two decades reaching a historically high level that affects people from all walks of life. There are anywhere from 700,000 to 3 million people who are homeless on any given night in America. It is one of the most persistent problems that American citizens have faced in recent times. It includes not only those who are living on the streets or in shelters and hostels but also those who are living in temporary accommodation or in housing that is unfit for human habitation. Research estimates that of the homeless population families with children account for 36 percent, single women 13 percent, and unaccompanied minors seven percent. Many are left wondering how this could happen in one of the richest nations in the world. In the article â€Å"The Characteristics and Causes of Homelessness among At Risk Families with Children in Twenty American C ities† by D. Reingold, many factors have been diagnosed as the causes and effects of homelessness. There are many reasons for homelessness; physical and mental illness, health problems, disability, substance abuse, domestic violence, job loss, health problem. These causes and their corresponding effects tend to make people miserable for most parts of their lives. In recent times, most people have encountered many problems in life. Poverty, drug abuse and ill-health are some of the numerousShow MoreRelatedHomelessness Among American Veterans Research2029 Words   |  9 PagesHomelessness Among American Veterans Research Paper An issue that has been around for decades which still remains in the United Sates today is homelessness among veterans. Vanessa Turner has a story that needs to be heard by many. As a homeless veteran, Turner joined the U.S. military in 1997 and later, proudly advanced to the rank of a sergeant. In 2003, Turner suffered from a traumatic injury while serving in Iraq. In suffocating 130-degrees fahrenheit heat, Turner fell into a coma and nearlyRead MoreDevastating Tsunami in Thailand1750 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens became homeless that in some cases, the entire cities and villages were quite literally swept away; when the water finally receded, only a tangled mass of rubble remained. We need to ask ourselves why there were no warning signs for the tragedy in Southern Asia. Could it make an enormous difference if a tsunami-warning system could have existed in the countries ringing the Indian Ocean? As the horrible toll of death and damage continues to escalate in southern Asia, it becomes more visibleRead MoreEssay on The Cause and Effect of the Tsunami in Thailand in 20042115 Words   |  9 Pagesvanished. Numerous citizens became homeless that in some cases, the entire cities and villages were quite literally swept away; when the water finally receded, only a tangled mass of rubble remained. (In the Wake of Tragedy 1) We need to ask ourselves why were there no warning signs for the tragedy in Southern Asia? Could it make an enormous difference if a tsunami-warning system could have existed in the countries ringing the Indian Ocean? As the horrible toll of death and damage continues to escalateRead MoreAbstract: Strategic Contingency Planning23625 Words   |  95 Pagescameras, etc. are taken into consideration when doing contingency planning. However, the security field, which is technologically complex, is beyond the scope of the present study. Definitions of Key Terms Business Continuity Management Program: An ongoing management and governance process supported by senior management and resourced to ensure that the necessary steps are taken to identify the impact of potential losses, maintain viable recovery strategies and plans, and ensure continuity of products/servicesRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 PagesMethods Appendix C: Developing Discovery Skills Notes Index Acknowledgments About the Authors 241 245 249 261 269 283 295 100092 00a 001-014 INT r1 go.qxp 5/13/11 9:53 AM Page 1 Introduction I It’s the lifeblood of our global economy and a strategic priority for virtually every CEO around the world. In fact, a recent IBM poll of ï ¬ fteen hundred CEOs identified creativity as the number-one â€Å"leadership competency† of the future.1 The power of innovative ideas to revolutionizeRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesSupportive Communication Is Descriptive, Not Evaluative 248 Supportive Communication Is Problem-oriented, Not Person-oriented 250 Supportive Communication Validates Rather than Invalidates Individuals 251 Supportive Communication Is Specific (Useful), Not Global (Nonuseful) 253 Supportive Communication Is Conjunctive, Not Disjunctive 254 Supportive Communication Is Owned, Not Disowned 255 Supportive Communication Requires Supportive Listening, Not One-Way Message Delivery 256 The Personal Management Interview

Prison Gangs - 2927 Words

Prison Gangs Michael Dooley Aiken Tech CRJ 242.013 Prison Gangs Prison gangs are flourishing across the country. Organized, stealthy and deadly, they are reaching out from their cells to organize and control crime in Americas streets. Law enforcement personal began to systematically monitor gang activities in the 1970s. Working together, their initial attempts were to identify only gangs which had some semblance of formal structure, a constitution, bylaws, mission statement, or some identifiable tenets guiding their activities. However, with experience, staff began to realize that even less well-organized groups could still pose significant threats to the security and orderly running of an institution. Many of these smaller groups†¦show more content†¦Other names for the Aryan brotherhood are: AB, Alice, Alice Baker, Tip, and Brand. In the beginning, the premise of the Aryan brotherhood was white supremacy and German and Irish ancestry. Over the years, the Aryan Brotherhood has moved away from the Neo-Nazi philosophy, with members staying with Irish ancestry and Viking symbolism and history. The Aryan brotherhood has a blood in-blood out rule, which means the only way in is to kill, and the only way out is to be killed (gangs or us). The Aryan Brotherhood has several was to identify them by the symbols the use. Some of the symbols are shamrock clover leafs, the initials AB or ABT, swastikas, double lighting bolts, and the numbers 666. They are also known to use Gaelic (old Irish) symbols as a method of coding communications (Texas prison gangs). The Aryan brotherhood has a strong leadership structure. Key decisions and murders must be approved by a commission before being implemented. Members of the commission communicate through third parties in the community or during social and attorney visits. The Aryan brotherhoods primary enemies are the Black Guerrilla Family, Crips, Bloods, and the El Rukns. The Aryan brotherhood actively cooperates with the Dirty White Boys, an Anglo spin-off gang of the Te xas Syndicate. Similar cooperation has been observed with the Silent Brotherhood. They also maintain a working relationship with the MexicanShow MoreRelatedPrison Gangs3155 Words   |  13 PagesPrison Gangs Prison Gangs According to (Wikipedia) a prison gang is a term used to identify any type of gang activity in prisons and correctional facilities. The difference between prison gangs and street gangs has become unclear because gang members are in and out of the prison system according to the (Street Gangs and Interventions: Innovative Problem Solving with Network Analysis, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2005). Prison gangs offer more than just simple protection forRead MoreWhat Are Prison Gangs? Essay1080 Words   |  5 Pages What are Prison gangs? This is a criminal association that is formed in the penal system and operates within the prison system in the United Sates. Prison gangs identify themselves with symbols, tattoos, and calls (by yelling out a chant, phrase, or word/number). Prison gangs go decades back and are still present in the prison system. What is a Prison gang initiation? It’s when current gang members induct a non-gang member into full membership. Ways of initiation include: (1) BeatRead MoreGangs in Prison Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prison gangs are originally formed by inmates as a way of protecting themselves from the other inmates. These gangs have turned out to be violent and thus posing a threat to security. This paper will have a look at the different gangs in prisons, their history, beliefs and missions, and the differences and similarities in these gangs. The Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood started in 1964 was founded by Tyler Bingham and Barry Mills who were white supremacists and Irish AmericanRead MoreThe Endless Battle with Prison Gangs1689 Words   |  7 PagesEndless Battle with Prison Gangs As the years pass, the rate of gang affiliated crimes in the Unites States has progressed extensively, accumulating more inmates into our major prisons doubling the maximum occupancy that the jails can hold. In the U.S there are currently 33,000 active violent street, motorcycle, and prison gangs with a recorded 1.4 million members combined. The registered number of police officers is a mere 683,396; which is not even half of our countries gang population. IncrediblyRead MoreSecurity Threat Groups And Prison Gangs1665 Words   |  7 PagesSecurity threat groups and prison gangs are responsible for a lot of the crimes that occur in prison. Well-organized and highly structured prison gangs who have leaders and influences have been around decades. Gangs in prison can be described as groups whose activities pose a real threat to the safety of the institutional staff and other inmates and also to security of the correctional institution (Beth, 1991). These gangs always have strong lead ers and use that leadership role to their advantageRead MoreTaking a Closer Look at Prison Gangs1157 Words   |  5 PagesPrison Gangs Ever since the creation of the first prison gang the ‘Gypsy Jokers’, gangs in prisons have been a handful for officials trying to provide safety and security not only for corrections workers but for inmates as well. Prison gangs have been responsible for carrying out any number of illicit activites behind bars, these include but may not be limited to: gambling, drugs, protection, and prostitution (Knox, 2012). Over the years research for prison gangs proves difficult because of theRead MoreEssay on Prison Gangs: Gangs and Security Threat Group Awareness2814 Words   |  12 Pagesthe major problems of corrections today is the security threat group - more commonly known as the prison gang. A security threat group (STG) can be defined as any group of offenders who pose a treat to the security and physical safety of the institution. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, prison gangs focused primarily on uniting inmates for self protection and the monopolization of illegal pri son activities for monetary gain (F.B.P., 1994, p. 2). STGs are mostly divided along racial lines andRead MorePrison Gangs : The United States991 Words   |  4 PagesThe fact that prison gangs are not visible to the public makes them seem unknown to the public eye, however the pose the same threats to the United States as all other gangs. Prison gangs are also often written off and forgotten about by authorities due to fact that they are incarcerated. â€Å"Due to their seclusion from the public and their minimal visibility, prison gangs are difficult to target and are thus frequently overlooked as threat actors, which enables them to commit various crimes withoutRead MorePrison Gang Integration And Inmate Violence1400 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The reality of prison gangs cannot be over look. Many inmates join gangs for safety and protection during their incarceration. â€Å"Prison gangs is an organization which operates within prison systems as a self-perpetuating entity, consisting a group of inmates who establishes and organize chain of commands† (Pyrooz Mitchell). They also are governed by an established prison code. Research has shown that prison gangs have effects on non-gang members and the prison system. I will examine tenRead MorePrison Gangs And The Criminal Justice System2009 Words   |  9 Pages000 gang members in the United States and that 24,250 of them are prison gangs, since the data research was done in May of 2017 (Statisticbrain.com)! You rarely hear about prison gangs because everything that goes on is inside the prison. When people do hear about prison gangs, it’s normally from a TV show or movie which leads the watchers to perceive prison gangs based on what they’ve watched. Typ ically, motorcycle gangs and street gangs are the most commonly heard about unlike prions gangs. I believe

International Business Nike

Question: Discuss about theInternational Business for Nike. Answer: Introduction and Overview of Nike In this report, the organization chosen is Nike, Inc. whose ranking is jumped to 343th in the year 2016 from 425 out of Fortune 500 Ranking in the year 2015 ("Nike"). The US-based company was founded as Blue Ribbon Sports on 25th Jan 1964 by Bill Bowerman and Philip Knight, later on, in 1978, it officially became Nike, Inc. Nowadays, Nike, Inc. is a global market leader in supplying and manufacturing of premium apparels, gear and sportswear. The mission of Nike is To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world ("About Nike - Company Profile"). Nike, Inc. claims that they fosters a culture of invention and create products, services and experiences for todays athlete while solving problems for the coming generation. By the early 21st century, the organization had retail outlets and distributors in more than 200 countries across the world. Today, Nike has contracted with more than 700 stores all over the world and has offices located in 45 countries outside the US. Most of its factories can be found mainly in India, China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Pakistan, Thailand, Philippines, and Indonesia. From time to time, NIKE has been launching the new high-tech advanced shoe models, followed by the modern advertisements, with authorization from the celebrities, and event sponsorships. Fiscal-year sales of Nike, Inc. have increased to $30.6 billion in 2015[1] from $27.8 billion in 2014 since Americans and shoppers around the world have been inspired by the trendy logo Swoosh or Just do it, which is appealing the customers with the marketing strategy centred on a brand image that has a high level of recall value, and the company has predicted to project $50 billion in sales by 2020(Nike , 2015). Figure 1: Key Financials including revenue of NIKE in 2015 ("Nike") (Nike , 2015) Nike as a Multinational Corporation Multinational Corporations (MNC) are identified as business institutions that focus on enhancing their value through the use of their overseas holdings. Further, MNCs are also identified as companies that directly investment in development of holdings across overseas markets thereby upholding their value-addition based on their operation in international markets(Rioux, 2014). The international operations are carried out by MNCs through distribution of an effective package of potential capital, technology, skills and knowledge along the different foreign economies where it had set up its branches. Similarly, MNCs are also featured a companies that tend to set up its base in one country and conducts its production, marketing and distribution operations through investing and development of holdings in other nations(Shah et al., 2012). Nike is identified as a multinational corporation that focuses on interlinking different economies on an international scale for carrying out its production functions. The firm focuses on arranging different material and non-material resources through the formulation of a complex arrangement between diverse international economies. The Air Max Penny basketball footwear produced by Nike is essentially developed through the integration of 52 different components gained from 5 international economies(Kazi, 2011). Factors Influencing Internationalisation Process of Nike in India Political Risk Nike faces a political risk from the existence of unionised parties operating in the factory establishments. The union groups and bodies demand a proper compensation and work environment to be provided to the employees. The Fair Labour Association (FLA) during 2009 required the bonus qualification to be set at Rs. 10,000 which is identified to be the legal amount where Nike was observed to pay only Rs. 3,500 to its employees. A notice was also generated in the Nike factory to help create needed awareness among the workers concerning the change(Fair Labor Association, 2012). Financial Risk Nike faces increased financial risks in terms of its operation in the Indian market. The total losses incurred by Nike during 2014-15 amounted to Rs. 541 crore that required Nike to shut down around 35 percent of its stores operational in the region(Sarkar, 2016). Economic Analysis Nike Inc. has potential economic resources that can help in developing an effective presence in emerging economies like India. However, the event of economic depression and emergence of recessionary trends happens to affect the market for sportswear generated by Nike in the Indian market. Nike also tends to gain the advantages of availability of cheap labour in the Indian market for carrying out its production and distribution operations. The company also tends to gain increased threat from other foreign players operating in the sports retail segment owing to the existence of effective FDI regulations encouraging the flow of foreign income in the nation(Garg, 2013). Dunnings Eclectic Paradigm Key factors in India that encourage the internationalisation of Nike can be effectively analysed based on the use of Dunnings Eclectic Paradigm. The Theory of Eclectic Paradigm operates based on three paradigms like ownership, location and internalisation. Ownership based advantages refer to the different types of intangible assets that are possessed by a business institution and are rather transferred between translational or multinational companies at reduced costs. The same contributes in creating higher income opportunities for the companies in the international markets. The multinational companies are required to possess some effective competencies that would help them in countering the increased operating costs that are required to be expended in terms of their operation in foreign economies. Translational firms gain on monopoly advantages in terms of earning the privilege to access and penetrate foreign market territories through gaining ownership over trademarks and patents. Similarly, the innovation potential of the firm also contributes in enhancing its potencies in the international market. Again, the firm gaining on economies of scale and scope also earn advantages of earning higher capital gains(Dunning, 1995). Location based advantages are earned by the translational companies in terms of the economic benefits associated with production potentials, reduced costs of transport and logistics and also the existence of effective telecommunication networks. Similarly, the size of the market with also the government legislations and regulations encouraging the flow of foreign direct investment are also evaluated to be potential advantages that can be gained by the multinational firms entering into a new market. The existence of effective understandings of cultural norms and values of different economies by the social groups of the country also amount to encourage the entry and operation of the foreign firm(Denisia, 2010). The internalisation paradigm of the Eclectic Model focuses on understanding whether the company would gain needed potential for potentially penetrating the international market for setting up its production and distribution bases. It thereby reduces the dependence of the firm on the generation and maintenance of licensing agreements with like firms operating in the foreign market(Chowdhury, 2015). Application of Dunnings Eclectic Paradigm The application of the Eclectic Paradigm generated by Dunning is made to the internationalisation aspect of Nike in the Indian market. Nike gains specific advantages for developing an effective presence in the Indian market. The company earns effective advantages in terms of existence of effective production resources and also increased demand for the generation of fresh product lines for both the sports enthusiasts and also for the athletes. It thus gains an effective exposure in the Indian market to develop a niche selling market for selling its apparel, footwear, accessories and other types of merchandises on a mass scale. The same helps the company gain on economies of scale and scope in the region. Further, apart from the development of mass scale franchisee outlets, Nike also focuses on gaining increased market penetration through selling its merchandises through the incorporation of multi brand outlets or MBOs and also based on integration of the multichannel framework. The fr anchisee outlets of Nike operate as exclusive stores of the sports retail brand in the Indian market. Nike also focuses on developing an effective brand presence based on the use of high profile advertising and also through the use of star endorsements that would help in attracting Indian youths and high profile customers to the sports brand(Fashion United , 2012). Entry Strategies Applied by Nike Nike made its foray in the Indian market through generation of a seven year licensing agreement with an Indian firm, Sierra Industrial Enterprises. The global sportswear company however in the later period developed its presence in the Indian sports retail market as Nike India that operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the parent company based in United States(BS Reporter , 2014). Benefits of the Entry Strategy of Nike Nike Inc. in terms of incorporating the market entry strategy of Wholly Owned Subsidiary for setting up wholly owned subsidiaries of its parent company in India gains on specific advantages that are outlined as follows. The formation of wholly owned subsidiaries in the Indian market contributed in helping Nike gain on long-term profitability potential. Further, the setting up of wholly owned subsidiary units also helped Nike in development and sustenance of effective contacts with local and regional players like customers, suppliers groups, intermediary firms and other government and other non-government institutions. Further, setting up of wholly owned subsidiary units in India is taken to help Nike to gain on needed competitive advantages. The above features significantly contribute in enhancing the performance potentials of the sports retail company in the global market(Ghahroudi, 2011). Constraints of the Entry Strategy of Nike The use of the wholly owned subsidiary strategy by Nike for developing an effective presence in the Indian market is evaluated to generate considerable problems. The same are identified as follows. The application of the wholly owned subsidiary strategy would require Nike for generation of increased commitments based on the incorporation of potential resources and capabilities for conducting its production, distribution and marketing related functions. Further, the formation of wholly owned subsidiary units would require Nike to expend greater time, energy and cost such that it would affect the productivity and efficiency level of the business corporation in the shorter and current period. Similarly, the formation of wholly owned subsidiaries by Nike in India would require the former for involving considerable amount of local investments and resources. The same would generate increased risks for Nikes operation in the Indian market. It also creates and enhances the level of uncertain ty for Nike regarding its operation in the Indian market. Again, the dependence of Nike on the development of wholly owned subsidiaries would also require the company to effectively manage and counter social and cultural dealings for helping in the reduction and minimisation of problems emerging on a large scale(Lee Huang, 2009). Major Contributions of Nike to India Nikes contribution to the Indian economy and society can be increasingly observed in terms of its production of new type of jerseys for promoting the Indian cricket team in the global arena. Nike operated as the official sponsor for India in the one-day international series against Australia. The sports retail company contributes in meeting the sustainability objectives based on the use of recycling plastic bottles for generation of sportswear and apparels out of the recycled polyesters. Moreover, the sustainability efforts are also met by Nike based on reducing its supply chain wastage by around 17 percent, use of environmentally safe materials for production of apparel products by around 20 percent and also in achieving a reduction in the emission of volatile organic compounds by around 95 percent. Further, Nike also focuses on expanding its base to semi-urban markets in India by opening large number of stores in towns and cities. The same helps Nike in meeting the needs of middle income households in the Indian market(Puri, 2010). Nike focuses on generating large scale employment opportunities for Indians in that it encourages the growth of creativity and innovation in its work atmosphere based along different offices located in India. The company generates increased opportunities for growth potential of the skills of Indians employed in its different offices and retail outlets(Nike Inc. , 2016). Application of the UN Global Contact Principles Nike Inc. operating in India needs to effectively focus on reducing problems associated with child exploitation and labour problems in terms of addressing Principles 3 to 6 pertaining to the labour dimension. The principles require Nike to eliminate all forms of compulsory and child labour practices and also in addressing the problems associated with discrimination at the workplace and also development of employment and compensation conditions(United Nations , 2016). Nike focused on addressing the issues associated with sweatshops and child labour based on conducting of effective monitoring of its sweatshops and supplier and manufacturing facilities located along different Asian economies. The company management also focuses on enhancing the level of transparency through the generation of CSR and sustainability reports such that the same contributes in effectively meeting the information needs of its different stakeholders like governments, investors and the larger societies includin g the consumers. Similarly, the enhancement of the transparency level of its CSR and sustainability reports also contributed in effectively addressing the problems associated with low wages paid to employees operating in sweatshops and in other Asian factories(Nisen, 2013). 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